Change of government Xinhai Revolution

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1 change of government

1.1 north: qing court last transformation attempt
1.2 south: government in nanking
1.3 north–south conference





change of government

seal provisional government president of republic of china


north: qing court last transformation attempt

on november 1, 1911, qing government appointed yuan shikai prime minister of imperial cabinet, replacing prince qing. on november 3, after proposition cen chunxuan constitutional monarchy movement (立憲運動), in 1903, qing court passed nineteen articles (憲法重大信條十九條), turned qing autocratic system emperor having unlimited power constitutional monarchy. on november 9, huang xing cabled yuan shikai , invited him join republic. court changes late, , emperor have step down.


south: government in nanking

on november 28, 1911, wuchang , hanyang had fallen qing army. safety, revolutionaries convened first conference @ british concession in hankou on november 30. december 2, revolutionary forces able capture nanking in uprising; revolutionaries decided make site of new provisional government. @ time, beijing still qing capital.


north–south conference

tang shaoyi, left. edward selby little, middle. wu tingfang, right.


on december 18, north–south conference (南北議和) held in shanghai discuss north , south issues. yuan shikai selected tang shaoyi representative. tang left beijing wuhan negotiate revolutionaries. revolutionaries chose wu tingfang. intervention of 6 foreign powers, united kingdom, united states, germany, russia, japan, , france, tang shaoyi , wu tingfang began negotiate settlement @ british concession. foreign businessman edward selby little (李德立) acted negotiator , facilitated peace agreement. agreed yuan shikai force qing emperor abdicate in exchange southern provinces support of yuan president of republic. after considering possibility new republic might defeated in civil war or foreign invasion, sun yat-sen agreed yuan s proposal unify china under yuan shikai s beijing government. further decisions made let emperor rule on little court in new summer palace. treated ruler of separate country , have expenses of several million taels in silver.








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