Break with and ejection from FIDE Garry Kasparov

kasparov , viswanathan anand in publicity photo on top of world trade center in new york

with world champion title in hand, kasparov began opposing fide. beginning in 1986, created grandmasters association (gma), organization represent professional chess players , give them more in fide s activities. kasparov assumed leadership role. gma s major achievement in organizing series of 6 world cup tournaments world s top players. uneasy relationship developed fide, , sort of truce brokered bessel kok, dutch businessman.

this stand-off lasted until 1993, time new challenger had qualified through candidates cycle kasparov s next world championship defense: nigel short, british grandmaster had defeated anatoly karpov in qualifying match, , jan timman in finals held in 1993. after confusing , compressed bidding process produced lower financial estimates expected, world champion , challenger decided play outside fide s jurisdiction, under organization created kasparov called professional chess association (pca). great fracture occurred in lineage of fide version of world champions tradition. in interview in 2007, kasparov called break fide worst mistake of career, hurt game in long run.

kasparov , short ejected fide, , played well-sponsored match in london. kasparov won convincingly score of 12½–7½. match considerably raised profile of chess in uk, unprecedented level of coverage on channel 4. meanwhile, fide organized world championship match between jan timman (the defeated candidates finalist) , former world champion karpov (a defeated candidates semifinalist), karpov won.

kasparov , sting in 2000

fide removed kasparov , short fide rating lists. thus, till in effect, there parallel rating list presented pca featured world top players, regardless of relation fide. there 2 world champions: pca champion kasparov, , fide champion karpov. title remained split 13 years.

kasparov defended title in 1995 match against viswanathan anand @ world trade center in new york city. kasparov won match 4 wins one, thirteen draws. last world championship held under auspices of pca, collapsed when intel, 1 of major backers, withdrew sponsorship.

kasparov tried organize world championship match, under organization, world chess association (wca) linares organizer luis rentero. alexei shirov , vladimir kramnik played candidates match decide challenger, shirov won in surprising upset. when rentero admitted funds required , promised had never materialized, wca collapsed. left kasparov stranded, , yet organization stepped in—braingames.com, headed raymond keene. no match against shirov arranged, , talks anand collapsed, match instead arranged against kramnik.

during period, kasparov approached oakham school in united kingdom, @ time school in country full-time chess coach, , developed interest in use of chess in education. in 1997, kasparov supported scholarship programme @ school. kasparov won marca leyenda trophy year.