From 1815 to 1860 Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria

physical map of kingdom of galicia , lodomeria 1849–1918

the 1820s , 1830s period of bureaucratic rule overseen vienna. administrative positions filled german-speakers, including german-speaking czechs, although of children becoming polonized. after failure of november insurrection in russian poland in 1830–31, in few thousand galician volunteers participated, many polish refugees arrived in galicia. latter 1830s rife polish conspiratorial organizations work culminated in unsuccessful galician insurrection of 1846, put down austrians of galician peasantry remained loyal emperor. insurrection occurred in western, polish-populated part of galicia. polish manorial gentry supported or sympathetic barely concealed plans uprising establish independent polish state, peasants on manorial estates of western galicia, reduced misery poor harvests, saw little advantage in free poland , seized opportunity rise against institution of serfdom, killing many of estate owners. collapse of uprising free poland, city of kraków lost semi-autonomy , integrated austrian empire under title of grand duchy, , practical purposes made part of galicia austrian authorities.

in same period, sense of national awakening began develop among ruthenians in eastern part of galicia. circle of activists, greek catholic seminarians, affected romantic movement in europe , example of fellow slavs elsewhere, in eastern ukraine under russians, began turn attention common folk , language. in 1837, so-called ruthenian triad led markiian shashkevych, published nymph of dniester, collection of folksongs , other materials in common ruthenian tongue. alarmed such democratism, austrian authorities , greek catholic metropolitan banned book.

in 1848, revolutionary actions broke out in vienna , other parts of austrian empire. in lemberg, polish national council, , later, ukrainian, or ruthenian supreme council formed. before vienna had acted, remnants of serfdom abolished governor, franz stadion, in attempt thwart revolutionaries. moreover, polish demands galician automomy countered ruthenian demands national equality , partition of province eastern, ruthenian part, , western, polish part. eventually, lemberg bombarded imperial troops , revolution put down completely.

a decade of renewed absolutism followed, placate poles, count agenor goluchowski, conservative representative of eastern galician aristocracy, so-called podolians, appointed viceroy. began polonize local administration , managed have ruthenian ideas of partitioning province shelved. unsuccessful, however, in forcing greek catholic church shift use of western or gregorian calendar, or among ruthenians generally, replace cyrillic alphabet latin alphabet.