Uprisings and incidents Xinhai Revolution

1 uprisings , incidents

1.1 first guangzhou uprising
1.2 independence army uprising
1.3 huizhou uprising
1.4 great ming uprising
1.5 ping-liu-li uprising
1.6 beijing zhengyangmen east railway assassination attempt
1.7 huanggang uprising
1.8 huizhou qinuhu uprising
1.9 anqing uprising
1.10 qinzhou uprising
1.11 zhennanguan uprising
1.12 qin-lian uprising
1.13 hekou uprising
1.14 mapaoying uprising
1.15 gengxu new army uprising
1.16 second guangzhou uprising
1.17 wuchang uprising

uprisings , incidents

the central focus of uprisings connected tongmenghui , sun yat-sen, including subgroups. uprisings involved groups never merged tongmenghui. sun yat-sen may have participated in 8–10 uprisings; uprisings prior failed wuchang uprising.

flag of first guangzhou uprising


first guangzhou uprising

in spring of 1895, revive china society, based in hong kong, planned first guangzhou uprising (廣州起義). lu haodong tasked designing revolutionaries blue sky white sun flag. on october 26, 1895, yeung ku-wan , sun yat-sen led zheng shiliang , lu haodong guangzhou, preparing capture guangzhou in 1 strike. however, details of plans leaked qing government. government began arrest revolutionaries, including lu haodong, later executed. first guangzhou uprising failure. under pressure qing government, government of hong kong forbade these 2 men enter territory 5 years. sun yat-sen went exile, promoting chinese revolution , raising funds in japan, united states, canada , britain. in 1901, following huizhou uprising, yeung ku-wan assassinated qing agents in hong kong. after death, family protected identity not putting name on tomb, number: 6348.

independence army uprising

in 1901, after boxer rebellion started, tang caichang (唐才常) , tan sitong of previous foot emancipation society organised independence army. independence army uprising (自立軍起義) planned occur on august 23, 1900. goal overthrow empress dowager cixi establish constitutional monarchy under guangxu emperor. plot discovered governor general of hunan , hubei. twenty conspirators arrested , executed.

huizhou uprising

on october 8, 1900, sun yat-sen ordered launch of huizhou uprising (惠州起義). revolutionary army led zheng shiliang , included 20,000 men, fought half month. however, after japanese prime minister prohibited sun yat-sen carrying out revolutionary activities on taiwan, zheng shiliang had no choice order army disperse. uprising therefore failed. british soldier rowland j. mulkern participated in uprising.

great ming uprising

a short uprising occurred january 25 28, 1903, establish great ming heavenly kingdom (大明順天國). involved tse tsan-tai, li jitang (李紀堂), liang muguang (梁慕光) , hong quanfu (洪全福), formerly took part in jintian uprising during taiping heavenly kingdom era.

ping-liu-li uprising

ma fuyi (馬福益) , huaxinghui involved in uprising in 3 areas of pingxiang, liuyang , liling, called ping-liu-li uprising , (萍瀏醴起義) in 1905. uprising recruited miners 1903 rise against qing ruling class. after uprising failed, ma fuyi executed.

beijing zhengyangmen east railway assassination attempt

wu yue (吳樾) of guangfuhui carried out assassination attempt @ beijing zhengyangmen east railway station (正陽門車站) in attack on 5 qing officials on september 24, 1905.

huanggang uprising

the huanggang uprising (黃岡起義) launched on may 22, 1907, in chaozhou. revolutionary party, along xu xueqiu (許雪秋), chen yongpo (陳湧波) , yu tongshi (余通實), launched uprising , captured huanggang city. other japanese followed include (萱野長知) , (池亨吉). after uprising began, qing government , forcefully suppressed it. around 200 revolutionaries killed.

huizhou qinuhu uprising

in same year, sun yat-sen sent more revolutionaries huizhou launch huizhou qinuhu uprising (惠州七女湖起義). on june 2, deng zhiyu (鄧子瑜) , chen chuan (陳純) gathered followers, , together, seized qing arms in lake, 20 km (12 mi) huizhou. killed several qing soldiers , attacked taiwei (泰尾) on june 5. qing army fled in disorder, , revolutionaries exploited opportunity, capturing several towns. defeated qing army once again in bazhiyie. many organizations voiced support after uprising, , number of revolutionary forces increased 2 hundred men @ height. uprising, however, failed.

anqing uprising

a statue honor revolutionary qiu jin

on july 6, 1907, xu xilin of guangfuhui led uprising in anqing, anhui, became known anqing uprising (安慶起義). xu xilin @ time police commissioner supervisor of police academy. led uprising assassinate provincial governor of anhui, en ming (恩銘). defeated after 4 hours of fighting. xu captured, , en ming s bodyguards cut out heart , liver , ate them. cousin qiu jin executed few days later.

qinzhou uprising

from august september 1907, qinzhou uprising occurred (欽州防城起義)., protest against heavy taxation government. sun yat-sen sent wang heshun (王和順) there assist revolutionary army , captured county in september. after that, attempted besiege , capture qinzhou, unsuccessful. retreated area of shiwandashan, while wang heshun returned vietnam.

zhennanguan uprising

on december 1, 1907, zhennanguan uprising (鎮南關起事) took place @ zhennanguan, pass on chinese-vietnamese border. sun yat-sen sent huang mintang (黃明堂) monitor pass, guarded fort. assistance of supporters among fort s defenders, revolutionaries captured cannon tower in zhennanguan. sun yat-sen, huang xing , hu hanmin went tower command battle. qing government sent troops led long jiguang , lu rongting counterattack, , revolutionaries forced retreat mountainous areas. after failure of uprising, sun forced move singapore due anti-sun sentiments within revolutionary groups. not return mainland until after wuchang uprising.

qin-lian uprising

on march 27, 1908, huang xing launched raid, later known qin-lian uprising (欽廉上思起義), base in vietnam , attacked cities of qinzhou , lianzhou in guangdong. struggle continued fourteen days forced terminate after revolutionaries ran out of supplies.

hekou uprising

in april 1908, uprising launched in yunnan, hekou, called hekou uprising (雲南河口起義). huang mingtang (黃明堂) led 2 hundred men vietnam , attacked hekou on april 30. other revolutionaries participated include wang heshun (王和順) , guan renfu (關仁甫). outnumbered , defeated government troops, however, , uprising failed.

mapaoying uprising

on november 19, 1908, mapaoying uprising (馬炮營起義) launched revolutionary group yuewanghui (岳王會) member xiong chenggei (熊成基) @ anhui. yuewanghui, @ time, subset of tongmenghui. uprising failed.

gengxu new army uprising

in february 1910, gengxu new army uprising (庚戌新軍起義), known guangzhou new army uprising (廣州新軍起義), took place. involved conflict between citizens , local police against new army. after revolutionary leader ni yingdian killed qing forces, remaining revolutionaries defeated, causing uprising fail.

second guangzhou uprising


the memorial 72 martyrs

on april 27, 1911, uprising occurred in guangzhou, known second guangzhou uprising (辛亥廣州起義) or yellow flower mound revolt (黃花岡之役). ended in disaster, 86 bodies found (only 72 identified). 72 revolutionaries remembered martyrs. revolutionary lin juemin (林覺民) 1 of 72. on eve of battle, wrote legendary letter wife (與妻訣別書), later considered masterpiece in chinese literature.

wuchang uprising

the iron blood 18-star flag



paths of uprising

the literary society (文學社) , progressive association (共進會) revolutionary organizations involved in uprising began railway protection movement protest. in late summer, hubei new army units ordered neighboring sichuan quell railway protection movement, mass protest against qing government s seizure , handover of local railway development ventures foreign powers. banner officers duanfang, railroad superintendent, , zhao erfeng led new army against railway protection movement.

the new army units of hubei had been hubei army, had been trained qing official zhang zhidong. on september 24, literary society , progressive association convened conference in wuchang, along sixty representatives local new army units. during conference, established headquarters uprising. leaders of 2 organizations, jiang yiwu (蔣翊武) , sun wu (孫武), elected commander , chief of staff. initially, date of uprising october 6, 1911. postponed later date due insufficient preparations.

revolutionaries intent on overthrowing qing dynasty had built bombs, , on october 9, 1 accidentally exploded. sun yat-sen himself had no direct part in uprising , traveling in united states @ time in effort recruit more support among overseas chinese. qing viceroy of huguang, rui cheng (瑞澂), tried track down , arrest revolutionaries. squad leader xiong bingkun (熊秉坤) , others decided not delay uprising longer , launched revolt on october 10, 1911, @ 7 pm. revolt success; entire city of wuchang captured revolutionaries on morning of october 11. evening, established tactical headquarters , announced establishment of military government of hubei of republic of china . conference chose li yuanhong governor of temporary government. qing officers bannermen duanfang , zhao erfeng killed revolutionary forces.