General form Appeal to consequences

1 general form

1.1 positive form

1.1.1 examples


1.2 negative form

1.2.1 examples

general form

an argument based on appeal consequences has 1 of 2 forms:

positive form

if p, q occur.
q desirable.
therefore, p true.

it closely related wishful thinking in construction.

examples

real estate markets continue rise year: home owners enjoy capital gains.
humans travel faster light: faster-than-light travel beneficial space travel.

negative form

if p, q occur.
q undesirable.
therefore, p false.

appeal force (argumentum ad baculum) special instance of form.

this form resembles modus tollens both different , fallacious, since q undesirable not equivalent q false .

examples

free must exist: if didn t, machines.
evolution must false: if true human beings no better animals, since descended them. (this false dilemma.)
if 6 men win, mean police guilty of perjury, guilty of violence , threats, confessions invented , improperly admitted in evidence , convictions erroneous... such appalling vista every sensible person in land cannot right these actions should go further. lord denning in judgment on birmingham six.




^ fallacyfiles.org - appeal consequences